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Educational technology is the body of knowledge, study and ethical practice of facilitating the process of education or learning and increasing the rating of performance through the creation, use and management of technological processes and resources which are appropriate. It is usually synonymous to, and includes learning theory and instructional theory. On the other hand, instructional technology refers to the theory and practice of designing, developing, utilising, managing and evaluating of processes and resources for learning.

  • Scope – Educational technology encompasses other systems being used in the process of the development of human capability. It includes, without limitation, software, hardware and internet applications and activities. The definitions and connotations of these terms are still in further development.
  • Tools – Technology of education, as educational technology is alternatively referred to, is simply defined as the set of tools which are potentially helpful in the advancement of student education or learning. It can be quantified in terms of the means and the reason behind individuals' behaviour. It is reliant on a broad meaning of the term “technology” which can mean material items useful to humans like equipment, machines or hardware. However, it can also include wider concepts like systems, methods of organisation and techniques. Examples of modern tools are, among others, laptop computers, overhead projectors and calculators. Highly updated and advanced gadgets are smart-phones and games, online and offline ones are emerging as potential learning tools. The use of all these tools are also part of media psychology which applies theories in human behaviour to the technology of education.

Technology dedicated for sister fields of educational and human performance technology is construed as “applied science.” This means any reliable and valid process, system or procedure derived from basic research with the use of scientific method is classified as technology.